Bank
Bank / Credit Institution
Definition
A financial institution authorised to accept deposits and extend credit, subject to the most comprehensive regulatory framework in financial services. Banks must comply with capital adequacy requirements (Basel III/CRD/CRR), liquidity standards, governance requirements, recovery and resolution planning, and extensive reporting obligations.
Regulatory Context
Banks are supervised through a combination of microprudential (individual firm) and macroprudential (systemic) oversight. In the eurozone, significant banks are directly supervised by the ECB through the Single Supervisory Mechanism (SSM). In the UK, banks are dual-regulated by the PRA (prudential) and FCA (conduct).